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as well (sentence-initial)
DCHP-3 (May 2024)
As well at the beginning of a sentence ("sentence-initial as well") is not to be confused with as well as at the end of a sentence, which is common in many varieties of English.
a pragmatic marker or conjunction, placed at the beginning of a clause.
Type: 5. Frequency — As well is common in many varieties of English at the end of clauses, e.g. "Fiona loves gelato the best. She likes ice cream as well." However, the phenomenon is most frequently used in Canada at the beginning of the clause (see Charts 1 and 2).
The term is included in OED-3, s.v. "well", definition P. 2.a. It is described as "[a]lso, in addition; in the same way. In early use [around 1400] often introducing an additional element in a sentence; later more usually following the additional element." This early use appears to be within the clause, however, and is owed to more flexible word order in Middle English, e.g. So continued as well in town the master, rather than present-day As well, so continued the master. The term is listed in COD-2, s.v. "well (as well, def. 3)", labelled as Cdn described as "furthermore, moreover"; in CCD-2010, s.v. "well (as well, def. 12)", described as "in addition"; it is also included in Gage-5, CGCPD-2006, FWSCD-82, and ITP Nelson.
The term is not listed in EDD.
The term is listed in Merriam-Webster Unabridged, W-2, W-3; it is not listed in DARE.
The term is included in OED-3, s.v. "well", definition P. 2.a. It is described as "[a]lso, in addition; in the same way. In early use [around 1400] often introducing an additional element in a sentence; later more usually following the additional element." This early use appears to be within the clause, however, and is owed to more flexible word order in Middle English, e.g. So continued as well in town the master, rather than present-day As well, so continued the master. The term is listed in COD-2, s.v. "well (as well, def. 3)", labelled as Cdn described as "furthermore, moreover"; in CCD-2010, s.v. "well (as well, def. 12)", described as "in addition"; it is also included in Gage-5, CGCPD-2006, FWSCD-82, and ITP Nelson.
The term is not listed in EDD.
The term is listed in Merriam-Webster Unabridged, W-2, W-3; it is not listed in DARE.
Quotations
1979
As well, the company expects fourth quarter operating results will be adversely affected because it was unsuccessful in bids for several other pipeline projects.
1989
The public will be encouraged to take further steps to prevent heart disease, such as exercising more and smoking less. As well, medical researchers will try to pinpoint those individuals at the greatest risk so they can be singled out for special care.
1999
As well, thousands of other children throughout Ontario, Canada and the world benefited from Sick Kids' outreach programs.
2002
Their stories and accounts of resistance to discrimination are often not included in interpretations of events. As well, elucidation of the Japanese Canadians' ability to make choices in the shaping of their histories is often not included in this discourse.
2015
More could be added: two articles on reading in the content section meant that other skills were neglected. As well, there was surprisingly little reference to electronic textbooks, whose time has certainly come in North America (though Stoller and Robinson note that their request to put their book into e-format was rejected by their publisher).
2016
The second edition of this award-winning book has been substantially revised throughout, including making more direct connections between the discussion of Generation Z and Mills' concept of the sociological imagination. As well, the final section on popular culture has been revised with a new chapter on the history of popular music (from early rock'n roll to contemporary pop and R&B).
2018
Of the founding authors, Marx, Weber, and Durkheim receive by far the most attention, alongside a set of second-tier early theorists that varied between textbooks, such as Comte, Mead, or Simmel. As well, several of the textbooks expanded the classical tradition beyond white male theorists by including sociologists such as Du Bois and Martineau.
References
- OED-3
- COD-2
- CCD-2010
- Gage-5
- FWSCD-82
- CGCPD-2006
- ITP Nelson
- EDD
- Merriam-Webster Unabridged
- W-2
- W-3
- DARE
Images
Chart 1: As well in any position. Internet Domain Search, 21 May 2024
