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parkade
< park (arc)ade
DCHP-2 (May 2011)
n. — Automotive
a building, usually above-ground and with several storeys, serving as a parking area for motor vehicles.
Type: 2. Preservation — The origin of parkade is American in origin, with examples dating back to the 1910s (Considine 2017: 284-287). Originally it was used to denote green space and later ground-level parking (see OED-3, def. 1). The use of the term in the sense of a 'built parking structure' appears to have developed concurrently in Canada and the U.S. in the 1950s (see the 1950 and 1952 quotations). The first prominent Canadian use of parkade, meaning ‘multistory parking garage’, is found in 1954 in the advertising (Image 1) and literature associated with Winnipeg’s Hudson Bay department store (Considine 2017: 289). Subsequent attestations during this period appear across Central and Western Canada (Image 2; see the 1957, 1958, and 1964 quotations).
Boberg (2010: 179), with questionnaire data, considers it primarily a Prairie and BC term (from Ontario eastwards parking garage is more frequently reported than parkade). Parkade is also the majority term in PEI (Boberg 2010). Chart 2 substantiates this finding. The term is most common in Alberta (see Chart 2), confirming overall the Prairie (MB, SK, AB) and BC dominance, which can be partly explained by the western Canadian connection to the HBC department stores, as the first six of which, the "original six", opened in Victoria, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Saskatoon and Winnipeg (see HBC reference), where the term is frequent to this day.
Apart from Canada (see Chart 1), the term has currency in South Africa, where it is most likely an independent development. Some US locations still use parkade (see the one shown in Image 2, from Spokane, Washington), though it is rare in the US. From a North American perspective, the term is Canadian by virtue of frequency (Type 5).
See COD-2, which labels the term "Cdn". See Gravol and day parole for other terms with a Canada/South-Africa parallel.
Boberg (2010: 179), with questionnaire data, considers it primarily a Prairie and BC term (from Ontario eastwards parking garage is more frequently reported than parkade). Parkade is also the majority term in PEI (Boberg 2010). Chart 2 substantiates this finding. The term is most common in Alberta (see Chart 2), confirming overall the Prairie (MB, SK, AB) and BC dominance, which can be partly explained by the western Canadian connection to the HBC department stores, as the first six of which, the "original six", opened in Victoria, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Saskatoon and Winnipeg (see HBC reference), where the term is frequent to this day.
Apart from Canada (see Chart 1), the term has currency in South Africa, where it is most likely an independent development. Some US locations still use parkade (see the one shown in Image 2, from Spokane, Washington), though it is rare in the US. From a North American perspective, the term is Canadian by virtue of frequency (Type 5).
See COD-2, which labels the term "Cdn". See Gravol and day parole for other terms with a Canada/South-Africa parallel.
Quotations
1952
with land left for 800 dwelling units, while [an alternative plan] calls for a parkade rather than an at-grade lot which would allow for 1,400 dwelling units
1957
1. Recreation centre; including curling rink, swimming pool, gymnasium, and physical education classrooms.
2. More residences for both single and married students.
3. Additions to the Agriculture and Engineering buildings.
4. Extension of facilities for the medical and dental schools.
5. Removal of huts and the building of a new Studio Theatre.
6. A new five-storey PARKADE!
1958
A young woman threatened . . . to jump from the top of a six-storey parkade in downtown Calgary. . . .
1958
700 tons of A.I.M. Reinforcing Steel were supplied and fabricated for the new Hudson Bay Co. "Parkade" now under construction in downtown Edmonton.
1964
"A few years ago," he said, "I suggested in the spirit of levity, that the next major building we should plan was a six-storey parkade. Today this suggestion would be regarded much more seriously."
1973
Chief Barager came to the job about a year ago, about the same time as the city's new 200-car Parkade opened, after serving as a sergeant with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in Kamloops.
1988
Twenty cars and thousands of tonnes of concrete tumbled into the new Save-On-Foods' produce section when the parkade roof collapsed April 23, minutes after the store was officially declared open.
2000
As the year comes to a close, there is only a sign advertising the Chilkoot Centre "opening fall 2000" in the vacant lot at the bottom of the hill, plans for the parkade have been scraped, and building the new aquatic centre has been delayed until next summer. Meanwhile, the city's buses lay dormant as its drivers picket on the strike line.
2008
Saturday Feb 2
Underwear Outside Bike Polo Tournament Inside!
12pm Check-in/Late registration; 12:30pm first game 295 W 2nd, Vancouver
A bike polo tournament in a covered parkade. Round robin starts at noon, two games per team with a 10 minute time limit. Single elimination will follow round robin immediately.
2010
The estimated cost of the Regina stadium outlined by the minister is highly suspect. It doesn't include relocating rail lines, building the parkade, rerouting traffic, purchasing the land, or even purchasing the sound and electronic infrastructure.
2012
In the old days," says Vancouver's planning director, Brent Toderian, "they would have had to not only build the parking required for the new construction" - about 300 stalls - "but you would have had to replace the parking of the old garage." In this case, the parkade that will be torn down has about 500 spaces.
Vancouver's 1997 transportation plan capped downtown parking and banned new roads.
2016
City parkades are open 24 hours, seven days a week, providing you with the opportunity to enjoy all that downtown Victoria has to offer, without the worry of a parking ticket.
References
- Boberg (2010)
- COD-2
- HBC • "Our History"
- Considine (2017)
Images
![Image 1: 1954 Ad for "The Bay's Parkade" in Winnipeg (Winnipeg Free Press, Oct. 28, 1954, 9 [NA], found in Considine 2017: 290)](https://dchp3.plotandscatter.work/uploads/entries/6310/2022.11.06_08.42.26_WinnipegParkade.jpg)
Image 1: 1954 Ad for "The Bay's Parkade" in Winnipeg (Winnipeg Free Press, Oct. 28, 1954, 9 [NA], found in Considine 2017: 290)
Image 2: Parkade in Waterloo, Ontario. Source: Wikimedia Commons. Photo: Illustratedjc
Image 3: Parkade in Spokane, WA (Photo: S. Dollinger 2011)
Chart 1: Internet Domain Search, 24 May 2012
